Aematuee foe dynamo electric machines



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. H. WAIT. ARMATURE FOR DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES.

No. 584,431. Patented June 15,1897.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets.-Sheet 2.

H. H. WAIT. ARMATURE FOR DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES. No. 584,431. PatentedJune 15,1897.

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ARMATURE FOR DYNAMO-ELECTRiC MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 584,431, dated June 15,1897.

Application filed February 27,1896. Serial No. 581,012. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY I-I. WAIT, a citi- Zen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improve ment in Arm atures for Dynamo-Electric Machines, (Case No. (5,) of which the following is afull, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to an armature for dynamo-electric machines, myobject being to provide an improved construction of armature wherebyopenings or passages are provided through the armature-core for thepassage of air to ventilate the armature and thus prevent undue heating.

A further object of my invention is to so construct the armature as tothrottle or prevent the cross-magnetization due to the armature-coils,and, furthermore, to dispense with the bands usually employed upon theperiphery of the armature for maintaining the armature-coils inposition.

The armature of my invention is of the Gramme-ring type and comprises aspider upon which are mounted disks or rings of laminated material toconstitute the armature-core. To provide passages for the air, spacesare left between the laminated disks or rings at intervals, thus forminradial openings through which the air may pass. The armature-coils arewound in insulated troughs, which may be made of any desired insulatingmaterial, preferably shellacked pasteboard or paper, spaces being leftbetween some of the troughs for the passage of air to theventilating-spaces between the laminated rings. The spider is soconstructed that annular chambers are provided between the armature-coreand the troughs containing the armatureeoils, the chambers communicatingwith the spaces between the armature-disks and also with the spacesbetween the insulatingtroughs, whereby air may pass through the spacesbetween the troughs, thence to the annular chambers and to the spaces inthe armature-core communicating therewith. The spokes or arms of thespider are cut away or provided with recesses to thus afford a passagebetween the insulating-troughs and the arms of the spider through whichair may find access to the annular chambers. The armature-coils on theexterior periphery of the armature-core are wound in insulating-troughsadapted to rest between projecting teeth provided upon the laminatedrings, spaces thus being left between adjacent coils communicating withthe spaces upon the interior of the armature-core. In order to dispensewith bands upon the periphery of the armature, the projecting teeth areprovided with enlarged ends, and a wedge, preferably of wood, is drivenbetween the teeth upon the top of the armature-coils, thus maintainingthe coils in position and preventing their being thrown from between theteeth by centrifugal force? In order to prevent or throttle the crossmagnetization due to the armature coils which tend to set up a magneticfield threading the coils and finding a return-circuit through thepole-pieces, I so proportion the cross-section of the projecting teeththat the metal thereof becomes highly saturated during the operation ofthe machine, thus choking or throttling the lines of force which thearmature-coils tend to generate. In designing Gramme-ring armatures itis usually nee essary, in order not to make the armature of too greatdiameter, to construct the core with the greatest dimensionlyingparallel to the axis of rotation, and with such increased lateraldimension it would be necessary in order to make the projecting teeth ofsufficiently small cross-section to decrease the width of the teeth uponeach of the laminated rings or disks to such an extent as to render thearmature mechanically imperfect, as the teeth would thus not besufficiently strong and rigid. In order to overcome this objection andat the same time secure in the armature teeth of the requisitedimensions to insure the necessary strength, teeth are cut away from aportion of the laminated rings constituting the armature-core. By thisprovision the teeth may be designed to furnish the requisitestrengtl1,tl1e cross-section of the completed core being reduced ordivided at the periphery by the removal of teeth from the laminatedrings, as above mentioned. This construction also facilitates thedesigning of the armature, as the proper cross-scetion of the teeth maybe calculated for the ideal form of armature-core in which the core isof square cross-section, and when it becomes neeessary to change thedimensions of the core as mechanicalconsiderations dictate the teeth maybe removed from the rings of said core sufficiently to secure thenecessary reduction in or division of its cross-section.

I will describe my invention more in particular by reference to theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a sectional viewillustrating the armature of my invention. Fig. 2 is a partial view ofthe armature of my invention, some of the parts being shown in sect-ionand but one of the armaturecoils being shown in position. Fig. 3 is apartial View looking upon the periphery of the spider which sup portsthe armature-core. Fig. 4 is a detail view of a section of a laminateddisk from which teeth have been cut for preventing cross-1nagnetization.

Like letters refer to like parts in the several figures.

The spider comprises a rim in the form of a cylindrical portion a andflanges a a, extending perpendicular thereto. The rim is supported uponarms or spokes Z), which are mounted upon the hub 11. The centralportion of the cylinder a of the rim is cut away except at pointsopposite the spokes or arms, and rings 0 c of insulating material areplaced in the space thus formed and extend about the rim, resting uponthe ends of the arms I). Annular spaces or chambers c c are thusprovided in the rim. The armature-core is formed from laminated disks orrings (Z (Z, clamped between the flanges a a. At intervals spaces d dare provided between the disks, the spaces d communicating with theannular chambers c. Projecting teeth (Z are provided upon theperipheries of some of the laminated rings, as illustrated, the teethbeing provided with enlarged ends. Troughs c c of insulating materialare placed between the teeth (1 (1 within which the armature-coils areadapted to be wound. Likewise, troughs c e are provided upon the innerface of the armature-core the troughs e and 6" being joined by troughs ee curved at their ends and adapted to fit the ends of the troughs c c.The troughs may be made of any insulating 11lttQ1ltl-tS, for instance,paper covered with shellac. The armature-coils are thus thoroughlyinsulated from the armature-core, and dirt or dust accumulating in theopenings through the armature-core cannotimpair the insulation of thearmature-coils. Ringsff of wood are preferably interposed between thetroughs c e and the flanges a a. After the armature-coils have beenplaced in position within the troughs wedges g, preferably of wood, aredriven between the teeth upon the top of the armature-coils and restagainst the enlarged ends of the teeth to thus maintain the coils inposition. By the employment of the wedges g and the teeth with enlargedends bands upon the periphery of the armature for holdingthearmature-coils in posit-ion may be dispensed with. Spaces c chn'eprovided at intervals between the troughs c c, whereby air may pass tothe annular chambers c c, and from thence to the spaces (1 d between thelaminated rings of the armaturecore.

The arms or spokes Z) are cut away upon the ends, thus leaving anopening b extending laterally through the arm. The arm b is providedwith a recess D communicating with the opening N, the recess being of adepth equal to about one-half the thickness of the arm. A path is thusafforded whereby air may pass through the recess l) to the annularchambers c 0 upon the right, as shown in Fig. 1. Likewise a recess Z1"is provided upon the face of the arm opposite to that carrying therecess Z1 the recess I)" thus aifording communication with the annularchambers c c, as shown in Fig. 1. The cross-piece (t of the rim, asshown more clearly in Fig. 3, has an angular form, whereby the upperends of the recesses Z) may not be sealed by the said cross-piece. Therecesses or openings D Z) l)" and the openings 0 a between the troughsthus afford access for the air to the annular Chambers 0 c, which are incommunication with the spaces d d of the armaturecore and thesecommunicate with the spaces between the armature-coils upon the exteriorof the armature. Ventilating-passages are thus provided through whichair may pass during the operation of the machine to prevent undueheating of the armature-core.

The cross-section of the teeth d (P, pro vided upon the laminated rings,is proportioned so that during the operation of the machine the metalbecomes highly saturated and thus chokes or throttles thecross-magnetization, as before described. This is accomplished bycutting away the projecting teeth from a portion of the laminated rings,as indicated at- (Z by which the cross-section of the metal at theperiphery is reduced or divided and the desired results are secured.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is

1. In an armature for dynamo-electric machines, the combination with anarmaturecore formed of annular plates or disks of laminated materialseetionally disposed, of radiallyextending ventilating-passages providcd between the said sections, a spider whereon the said core ismounted, central portions of the periphery of which being cut away toafford communication with the said radial passages, coils wound upon thesaid core, and spaces provided between the said coils on the outer andinner circumferences of the armature communicating with the openings inthe periphery of the spider and the ventilating-passages provided in.the armature-core substantially as described.

52. In an armature for dynamo-electric machines, the combination withlaminated rings or disks comprising the core, spaces being left betweensaid disks at intervals to form radially-extending Ventilating-passages,of a spider carrying the said core, the central portion of the peripheryof the spider being cut away, bands or rings of insulating materialmounted in the space thus formed and separated from one another to formspaces connecting with the ventilating-passages in the core,armature-coils surrounding said core, spaces being provided between saidcoils on the outer and inner circumference of the armature to thusafford passages for the circulation of air from the interior to theexterior of the core of the armature; substantially as described.

In an armature for dynamo-electric machines, the combination with ringsor disks of laminated material, spaces being provided at intervalsbetween said disks to form ventilating-passages, of insulating-troughs,and arn'iature-coils wound within said troughs, ventilating-spaces beingprovided between said troughs and affording communication with theventilatin g-passages in the armature core; substantially as described.

i. In an armature for dynamo-electric machines, the combination withrings or disks of laminated material constituting the core, spaces beingprovided between said disks at intervals to form ventilatirig-passages,of annular chambers provided at the inner circumference of said core andcommunicating with said ventilating-passages, insulatingtroughssurrounding the armature-core, and armature-coils wound within saidtroughs, spaces being provided between said troughs for the admission ofair to the annular chambers; substantially as described.

5. In an armature for dynamo-electric machines; the combination with acore formed of rings or disks of laminated material,ventilating-passages being provided between said disks at intervals, ofannular chambers provided at the inner circumference of said core andcommunicating with said ventilatingpassages, troughs of insulatingmaterial encircling said core, armature-coils wound within the saidtroughs, spaces being provided between said troughs to admit air to theannular chambers, and an armature-spider, the arms or spokes thereofbeing cut away or provided with recesses to altord passage for air tothe annular chambers; substan tiallyas described.

(3. The herein-described toothed armature for dynamo-electric machines,composed of annular plates of laminated material sectionally arranged,with ventilating-spaces between the said sections, the said plates beingprovided with teeth upon their peripheries, a portion of the said teethupon the plates being cut away to prevent cross-magnetization, bypermitting the teeth upon the armature-core to become highly saturatedduring the operation of the machine, substantially as described.

7 In an armature for dynamo-electric machines, the combination with acore formed of rings or disks of laminated material, teeth beingprovided upon the peripheries of a part only of said rings, andarmature-coils wound between said teeth, the combined cross-section ofsaid teeth being such that during the operation of the machine the metalof the teeth becomes highly saturated to throttle or prevent thecross-magnetization due to the armature-coils substantially asdescribed.

8. The herein-described armature for dynamo-electric machines, the bodyof which is composed of plates or disks of laminated material, teethbeing provided upon the peripheries of said laminated disks,armaturecoils wound in the recesses between the said teeth and lateralintervals or spaces between the teeth upon the laminated plates providedby cutting away a portion of the teeth upon the plates or disks, andthereby reducing the cross-section of the teeth of the armature,substantially as and for the purpose specified. In witness whereof Ihereunto subscribe my name this 13th day of November, A. D. 1895.

HENRY II. \VAIT. Witnesses:

JOHN W. SINCLAIR, XV, CLYDE Jones.

